In the District of Columbia (named in honor Columbus) there was a wreath laying ceremony at the Columbus Memorial Statue outside of Union Station. Representatives from Spain and Italy joined with the public in celebrating the founder of the New World.

Some, however, see the second Monday in October as nothing more than the propagation of a myth — one founded on the highly selective and imaginative interpretation of a very real and ugly historical event. Kurt Vonnegut summed it up well in Breakfast of Champions:

“1492. As children we were taught to memorize this year with pride and joy as the year people began living full and imaginative lives on the continent of North America. Actually, people had been living full and imaginative lives on the continent of North America for hundreds of years before that. 1492 was simply the year sea pirates began to rob, cheat, and kill them.”

Columbus’s historic journey was intended to find a westward route to Southeast Asia. Instead he landed in what is known today as the West Indies. There, he and his men began to steal from, murder, enslave, and rape the native populations.

Describing his victims, Columbus wrote, “They were well-built, with good bodies and handsome features…They would make fine servants…With fifty men we could subjugate them all and make them do whatever we want.”

On the subject of their generosity (naivety, to Columbus) he continues, “When you ask for something they have, they never say no. To the contrary, they offer to share with anyone.”

The consequences of his attitude towards these people is well documented: the first European historian in the Americas estimated that at least 5 million indigenous people had been killed by the end of 1496, three years after Columbus was granted the position of “Viceroy and Governor” to rule over his newly claimed territories in the Caribbean. Within a generation after Columbus’s arrival the number of estimated deaths multiplied by three, to 15 million people.

Further reason to question this holiday can be found far north of the Caribbean, where excavations in Newfoundland support the claim that Vikings sailing from Greenland were the first Europeans to discover America around 1,000 A.D. Though still controversial, some evidence in Ecuador and Peru points to the Polynesians as the first sea-farers to reach South America.

This leaves one to question: If Christopher Columbus was not the first sailor, European or otherwise, to discover America, what are we celebrating if not his legacy of exploitation and oppression? If you’d like to find something positive to commemorate this time next year, I’d suggest joining the people of Berkeley, California (if not in person then at least in spirit) in celebrating Indigenous Peoples Day, to honor the real first Americans.

A version of this post was originally published at the Institute for Policy Studies.